There have been dozens of postings regarding how to install the LAMP kit on Ubuntu Server. However, considerably less is known about LEMP. The difference is that the first option uses Apache, while the second employs Nginx. Let’s go over the installation and initial configuration in further detail. As an example, Ubuntu 16.04 is utilized.
How to install LEMP
Let’s get the server platform ready for more work by installing Nginx. We use SSH to connect to the equipment and install it using regular operating system tools. The distribution can be found in the official repositories.
Let’s go ahead and open the Nginx start page in the browser: Enter the IP address in the program’s address bar. The following image should be displayed:
Screenshot #1. Successful installation.
If the image does not open, add lines to the firewall settings. We enter the commands:
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables-save
Port 80 will be opened. It adds Nginx to the firewall’s white list.
Now that the preliminary preparation is over, let’s move on to configuration.
1. Install the database management system.
LAMP makes use of MySQL, whereas LEMP makes use of MariaDB.
Except for the distribution method, both products are identical: MariaDB is free, but MySQL has limits.
We utilize the following software installation tools:
sudo apt-get install mariadb-server mariadb-client
During the operation, the package will require you to come up with a secret key for an account with administrator rights.
Important! The following rules are recommended – a minimum of 9 characters, capital letters, numbers and special characters.
At the end, we check the performance:
sudo systemctl status mariadb
The result is shown in the screenshot:
Screenshot #2. Status check.
2. We increase the security level of the package:
sudo mysql_secure_installation
The command disables guest login to the database, remote access for the superuser, eliminates temporary tables and updates permissions.
3. The next step is to install PHP. To install, use the apt-get utility. List of packages to be installed:
sudo apt-get install php7.2
sudo apt-get install php7.2-mysql
sudo apt-get install php7.2-curl
sudo apt-get installphp7.2-json
sudo apt-get installphp7.0-cgi
sudo apt-get installphp7.0 libapache2-mod-php7.0
sudo apt-get installphp7.0-xml
The process will take approximately 10 minutes. Additional actions are not required, follow the prompts of the wizard.
4. After installation, you can connect additional PHP modules. The list is available with the command:
apt-cache search php7
A list of commands with decryption will appear on the monitor. Select the required one and install using standard Ubuntu tools.
5. Connect the installed applications to each other. We type:
sudo apt-get install php-fpm php-mysql
When finished, open the PHP configuration file through the built-in vi utility. We find the line cgi.fix, and assign the value to zero. Red shows the path to php.ini:
Screenshot #4. Alteration.
Important! To make the line active, remove the semicolon at the beginning of the line.
Exit the utility after saving your modifications. Restart the php7.2-fpm service to implement the updated configuration. The entire procedure will take less than a minute.
6. Correct the Nginx configuration file:
sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
We find a line called Index and add additional values:
index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html
Screenshot #5. Add line.
If you want to change the server name, use the command:
server_name XXX
where XXX is an arbitrary name of the server part. In our example, we use the name LEMP.
Adding the ability to process PHP requests: remove the symbol “;” before the lines. In the image, this is marked with the numbers “3” and “4”:
Screenshot #6. Final configuration.
Save the changes and restart the service using standard OS tools.
This completes the setup. Let’s check.
Examination
Let’s open a test page for testing. Let’s create a test case:
vi /var/www/html/info.php
Let’s add information:
Close the editor and save. Open the browser, enter the IP address of the server platform with the info key:
http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/info.php, where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is the address.
If the configuration was successful, the page will display the following:
Screenshot #7. LEMP server installed.
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